Protocol for the Proper Disinfection of Mobile Units of the Prehospital Care Service in the City of Ibarra.

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the disinfection practices applicable to mobile units of the prehospital care service in the city of Ibarra, considering the biological risk to which both healthcare personnel and patients are exposed during emergency care and secondary transport. The research was developed through a qualitative and quantitative bibliographic review, based on scientific articles, national and international regulations, and technical documents related to biosafety, ambulance disinfection, and the management of biomedical equipment. From the analysis of the reviewed literature, it was identified that ambulances constitute environments with a high probability of microbial contamination, due to constant contact with patients, body fluids, high-touch surfaces, and medical devices used during care. The results show the recurrent presence of pathogenic microorganisms on internal ambulance surfaces when cleaning and disinfection processes are not carried out in an adequate and systematic manner. It is highlighted that factors such as work fatigue, noncompliance with hand hygiene, incorrect use of personal protective equipment, and improper application of disinfectants negatively influence protocol effectiveness. The study emphasizes the importance of having standardized disinfection protocols that include prior cleaning, the use of hospital-grade disinfectants, proper disinfection of biomedical equipment, and strict compliance with biosafety standards, as key elements for preventing healthcare-associated infections in the prehospital setting. These measures support patient safety, protect healthcare workers, reduce cross-contamination, and strengthen quality of care by promoting consistent practices aligned with regulatory frameworks and evidence-based recommendations applicable to prehospital emergency services within diverse operational contexts and resource-limited settings commonly encountered worldwide today.