Tactical diving safety protocol for rescue and extraction of victims in high altitude lakes and lagoons by the Ibarra fire department

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to develop a safety protocol for tactical diving for rescue and victim extraction in high-altitude lakes and lagoons, adapted to the operational needs of the Ibarra Fire Department. Since high-altitude aquatic environments present unique challenges, such as low temperatures, decreased oxygen partial pressure, and visibility, it is crucial to establish specific guidelines that minimize risks and optimize the effectiveness of rescue operations. To this end, an analysis of current procedures was conducted, identifying gaps and opportunities for improvement based on international standards and previous operational experience. Consequently, a qualitative methodology was employed, which included a review of scientific literature, data analysis, interviews with specialized rescuers, and field tests in real-life scenarios. The results were the development of a detailed protocol that includes preventive measures, appropriate equipment, intervention strategies, and specialized training for operational personnel. This protocol analyzes the fundamental principles of diving safety, identifies the most common risks, and proposes protocols based on international standards to ensure safe, reliable, professional, and responsible diving practices. This research study sought to strengthen the Ibarra Fire Department's response capacity to emergencies involving high-altitude bodies of water, ensuring the protection of both victims and rescuers. The implementation of the protocol contributed to improved safety, reduced response times, and increased efficiency in high-risk situations. Underwater rescues require a structured approach based on hazard identification, risk mitigation, and real-time decision-making. Applying this theory to tactical diving allows for the development of safe and effective intervention strategies, reducing the likelihood operations.