Ergonomic analysis of personal protective equipment and its impact on the occupational health of operational personnel and volunteers in firefighter.

Abstract

The research addresses the problem of the ergonomics of personal protective equipment (PPE) used by operational and volunteer personnel of fire departments, considering that, although this equipment is essential for protection against physical, thermal and chemical risks, its design and conditions of use can generate adverse effects on occupational health. The general objective of the study was to analyze the incidence of the ergonomic conditions of PPE on the occupational health of firefighting personnel, in order to identify the needs for improvement aimed at risk prevention. It was developed under a mixed approach, with a quantitative predominance, through an observational, analytical and cross-sectional design, applying a structured survey to 41 participants from different seasons, which allowed collecting information on fit, weight, comfort, ventilation and health effects. Among the main findings, it was evidenced that the weight of PPE, lack of flexibility and deficiencies in thermal ventilation are associated with physical fatigue, musculoskeletal discomfort especially in the lumbar region and a perception of limitation in mobility and responsiveness. In addition, components such as gloves, boots, jackets and self-contained breathing equipment were identified as priorities for ergonomic intervention. In conclusion, the study confirms that PPE fulfills an essential protective function, but requires ergonomic improvements and stronger institutional management to reduce occupational risks and promote safer and healthier working conditions for firefighters.