Analysis of the Impact of Ergonomic Risk on the Efficiency of Nursing Staff in the Operating Room and Hospitalization Area of the Guaranda Basic Hospital.

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of ergonomic risk on the efficiency of nursing staff in the operating room and hospitalization areas of the Guaranda Basic Hospital. Ergonomics, as an applied discipline in healthcare environments, aims to adapt working conditions to the worker, reducing unnecessary efforts and preventing musculoskeletal disorders. However, in many healthcare facilities, inadequate practices in patient handling, forced postures, and inefficient distribution of workspaces are identified, leading to fatigue, physical pain, and a significant decrease in productivity and the quality of care provided by healthcare staff. Through a quantitative approach with a non-experimental design, surveys and direct observation were applied to the nursing staff to assess the level of exposure to ergonomic risk factors and their impact on job performance. The results demonstrate a direct relationship between the presence of ergonomic risks and a decrease in operational efficiency, affecting response times, precision in procedures, and physical and emotional well-being. Additionally, a higher frequency of absenteeism, errors in task execution, and reduced capacity for continuous care were identified. This analysis concludes that the implementation of ergonomic strategies in hospital environments not only benefits occupational health but also improves service efficiency, reduces operational costs, and enhances the quality of patient care. The study highlights the need to incorporate preventive ergonomics programs, periodic evaluations, and continuous training as part of hospital management.